Every composite number can be written as the product of several prime numbers. Each prime number is a factor of the composite number, which is called the prime factorization of the composite number. Prime factorization is only for composite numbers.

For example, the factors of 12 can be as follows: 12=2x2x3=4x3=1x12=2x6, among which 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 can all be said to be factors of 12, that is, if the multiplication of several numbers equals a natural number, then these numbers are the factors of this natural number. Among 2, 3, and 4, 2 and 3 are prime numbers, that is, prime factors, and 4 is not a prime number. So what is a prime number? It is a number that cannot be decomposed into factors other than 1 and itself, such as 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, etc. There is no specific pattern for prime numbers, and there is no largest prime number.